Western Digital’s ShareSpace Storage is a steely, cubular vault of NAS with fast Gigabit ethernet that brings enterprise-level centralized storage down to the small business and deathcore nerd space.

For $999 you get 4TB of storage (2.66TB actually free w/ RAID5), sluggish transfer speeds (10.5MB/s writing and 12MB/s pulling data), three USB ports, and Gigabit ethernet. You could get a faster Drobo for $100 more. And, in my tests, the better looking Drobo gets 16MB/s, and is also hot-swappable. You can buy the enclosure and put in 1.5TB drives to get a 6TB rig if you are so inclined, something that’s less possible with the prepackaged WD NAS solution.

I’ve had bad experience with Western Digital internal/external hard drives; they just die on me (and all the friends I know) a lot. But, I don’t own a WD NAS, so if you have one, let me know your thoughts!

1. Without any caching plugins
2. With WP Cache 2.0
3. With WP Super Cache (no compression)
4. With WP Super Cache (compression enabled)

The results show that WP Super Cache is a clear winner, performing 225% better than the older WP Cache. Here is the raw data I gathered during the test:

No caching:
Requests per second: 22.81 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 4383.559 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 43.836 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 613.75 [Kbytes/sec] received

WP cache:
Requests per second: 872.30 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 114.640 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.146 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 23549.46 [Kbytes/sec] received

Super cache (no compression):
Requests per second: 1518.90 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 65.837 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.658 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 41150.81 [Kbytes/sec] received

Super cache (compression):
Requests per second: 1960.39 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 51.010 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.510 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 53108.70 [Kbytes/sec] received

For more tips on how to improve your Wordpress performance, check out Wordpress Performance: Why My Site Is So Much Faster Than Yours. Another interesting WP caching plugin is Batcache, which uses the memcached backend to serve requests out of a cluster of machines’ RAM memory.

For comparison’s sake, an average movie download is 700 MB (5872025600 bits), and would take 8.16 hours to download under the old broadband definition at 200Kbps. However, at the new faster rate of 768Kbps, an American with basic broadband will be able to download a movie in just 2.12 hours.

Broadband reporting is a problem for America, because up till now we could only point to useless studies indicating that 12.5% of internet users are still on 56.6k or worse speeds. Once politicians and the industry realizes how bad broadband penetration in the US really is, we’ll see better internet service and connectivity.

• PHP – PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Sep 18 2007 09:07:28)
• Ruby – ruby 1.8.5 (2007-09-24 patchlevel 114) [x86_64-linux]
• Perl – This is perl, v5.8.8 built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi
• Python – Python 2.4.4 (#1, Oct 23 2006, 13:58:18)
• C++ – gcc version 4.1.2 20070626 (Red Hat 4.1.2-13)
• Java – Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_10-ea-b10)

You’ll notice I’m adding Java into the mix for fun. Here’s the results, over 10 runs, on an Intel Dual-core 1.80GHz machines with 2Gb of RAM currently running this website:

Lang	Average	Min	Max
PHP	8.8325	8.637	9.303
Ruby	7.2896	7.143	7.729
Perl	4.3231	4.262	4.428
Python	3.3465	3.289	3.417
C++	0.5638	0.53	0.609
Java	0.4062	0.262	0.551

There are a couple important conclusions to note here that are significantly different than Hongli Lai’s:

• PHP is 21% slower than Ruby, not 41% as in his benchmark
• Python is 29% faster than Perl, not 17% as in his benchmark
• Java runs this 39% faster than C++, and 2100% faster than PHP

So, PHP is slower than Ruby, but not quite as slow as Hongli Lai would have you believe. Python is the fastest scripting language in this benchmark, while Java is the faster language all around, and is incredibly, incredibly fast. Maybe all of our code should start using java!

* NOTE: I am ignoring the obvious deficiencies of this micro-benchmark and just trying to reduplicate it. What I’ve found is that there are significant discrepancies between Hongli Lai’s run of the tests and my own, probably owing to slightly different versions of the components involved. Also, if I make some trivial optimizations to the loops in the PHP script, I can get it to run faster than everything but C++, in about 2.4s. Then again, just calling sort() is faster by another two orders… but still half as slow as Java’s built-in sort… and two orders slower than perl’s built-in.

ab – Apache HTTP server benchmarking tool

ab is a tool for benchmarking your Apache Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server. It is designed to give you an impression of how your current Apache installation performs. This especially shows you how many requests per second your Apache installation is capable of serving.

If you have installed apache or apache-devel, you should be to simple invoke ab by typing it on the command line. For example, to benchmark my own site here, I would write:

[root ~]# ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://elliottback.com/wp/

This says “make 10,000 concurrent requests to host elliottback.com via http and request /wp/ on 100 threads.” The result of this is the following report:

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev < $Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking elliottback.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Finished 10000 requests

Server Software: Apache/2.2.6
Server Hostname: elliottback.com
Server Port: 80

Document Path: /wp/
Document Length: 34331 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 13.596345 seconds
Complete requests: 10000
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 346230000 bytes
HTML transferred: 343310000 bytes
Requests per second: 735.49 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 135.963 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.360 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 24868.08 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 1.6 0 20
Processing: 8 134 12.7 132 190
Waiting: 4 134 12.7 132 190
Total: 16 134 12.1 132 190

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 132
66% 134
75% 136
80% 137
90% 145
95% 160
98% 175
99% 179
100% 190 (longest request)

According to these numbers, my dual core server can do 750 requests per second, fulfilling each within about 150ms each. That’s pretty fast, probably because I know the secrets of Wordpress Optimization. If you make every layer as fast as it can be, and cache heavily, you too can see lightening fast Wordpress installations!